Indeed, the emerged problem is detrimental to their well-being, and the lack of measures on the elimination of the mentioned side effects of automated work indicates the inability of participants to plan for the future. This indifference does not allow for improving the quality of their lives while contributing to the perceived irrelevance of community members in critical affairs (Harari, 2019). They have much less trust in adopted algorithms for performing different tasks and worry about the decreasing efficiency of democracy in its present state (Harari, 2019). They become less important in the job market and diminish the responsibility of workers and policy-makers, evoking concerns of the population.Īs a result, citizens view the future as completely unpredictable and stop attempting to forecast the consequences of their actions. The latter is unpredictably evolving under the influence of substitutes of human labor. They transform the nature of people’s work by reducing their role and significance for the outcomes and altering the notions of liberty and equality (Harari, 2019).

Moreover, the rise of artificial intelligence and big data at the present stage of humanity’s development leads to many political and economic challenges (Harari, 2019). It is frequently referred to as technological disruption and partially correlates with the current crisis of liberalism caused by the lack of more effective alternatives. The process, which started with the invention of the Internet and the creation of antibiotics and vaccines, affects the nature of all societal affairs (Harari, 2019). Information technology and biotechnology continuously transform various aspects of human existence. His ideas allow grasping the meaning of technological disruption for different fields and, subsequently, are useful for the readers willing to adjust their lives to the conditions of the present-day world. In his book “21 Lessons for the 21st Century,” Harari addresses the gap in the literature on the topic deriving from the neglect of mechanisms triggered by new conditions. One of the authors examining the specified issues in relation to technology is Yuval Noah Harari, and he comprehensively describes their possible consequences.

21 lessons for the 21st century pages